Hardt



(No Model.)

y R. H. ENGBLHARDT.

GHURN.

No.. 466,299. Patented Deo. 29, 1891.

UNITED STATESv PATENT OFFTCE.

, RICHARD H. NGELHARDT, OF BERLIN, GERMAY, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND OSCARBRUER rJ OO., OF SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 466,299-, datedDecember 29, 1891.

Application filed November 7,1889. Serial No. 329.484. (No model.)

HARDT, a subject of the King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany, and aresident of Ber-y lin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have inventedcertain new and useful ,Improvements in' Apparatus for Ohurning andMixing, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to that class of apparatus by the aid of whichfluids-such as water, albumen, milk, yeast, and similar fiuids-arechurned or agitated and are in y some cases mixed with air or othersubstances.

My invention has for its object to improve apparatus vof this characterand render it more economical and eflicient; and my invention isespecially applicable in; making butter, beating eggs, impregnating auid with gas; and

in many other other instances where it is necessary to` thoroughly mixor agitate a iiuid.

In the accompanying drawings, which illus-.

trate my invention, Figure l isavertical axial section of a churning ormixing apparatus.

- Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section thereof cut in two horizontalplanes indicated by the dot-v ted linesfo o in Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, o indicates a cylindrical vessel, b adisk-shaped dasher working therein, and f a valve-casing in the bottomthereof.

The vessel et ispreferably constructed with a concave bottom d andaremovable cover e, and is supported, preferably, by means of threelegs. For smaller sizes of apparatus the cover e can be dispensed with.

The dasher b is preferably a perforated cylindricaldisk lit-ting looselywithin the vessel o. and provided with a dasher-rod c, extendingvertically through the center of the vesselo and projecting outwardlythrough the cover e thereof. rlhe dasher h is constructed to have areciprocating vertical movement, which is imparted to it through themedium of its dasher-rod c, either by hand-power applied to the outerend of the rod or by any other suitable force applied to the dasherrodc.

The valve-casing f is fixed in the center of the bottom d of the vessel,and consists, preferably, of a vertical cylinder havingslightlyforations and open at one end into the cyliny der'of thevalve-casingf and at the other end in the interior of the vessel a.. Adisk-valve casing h, fitting closely within the cylinder of the valve f,and capable of v ertical movement therein, serves to controlcommunication between the interior and exterior of the vessel o.v Thisdisk-valve 72. normally rests over the bottom opening of thevalve-casing f, and rises during the upward movement of the dasher buntil it reaches the top of the cylinder of the valve-casing f, where itstrikes a 'cap orthimble screwed thereon, which prevents its escapevfrom the cylinder. IVlhen the disk-valve h is in the downward position,it closes the lower valve-hole, and when in the upper position it closesthe upper valve-hole; but it is so constructed relatively to the radialpipes g g that the latter are open to the interior of the cylinder ofthe valve-casing f when the disk-valve is in either of these positions,and the communication between these pipes g g and the interior of thevalve-casing fis only interrupted as the disk-valve h is passing theends of the pipes.

The churn is provided With an air-sterilizer to the lower part of thevessela. The airsterilizer consists of a sterilizing-chamber Z, havingclosed bottom and sides and a perforatedtop, and it is secured directlytothe pipe ,7o. The lower end of pipe 7c terminates just above thebottom of the chamber Z.

The bottom d of the vessel a, is preferably made concave, in ordertomake room for the valve-casing f below the dasher b, so that thelatter can be fiat. bottom of the vessel can be made flat and the dashermade concave or hollowed out on its under side to make room for thevalveroo lf desired, however, the

casngf. A draw-oit cock j) is provided in the lower' part of the vessela for removing the contents thereof when desired.

Atmospheric air enters the air-sterilizing chamber through the holes inits top, passes thence downwardly through the sterilizing substances,and flows from below into the pipe 7c.

Any suitableair-sterilizing substance may 1o be e1np1oyed-such as, forexample, coiled paper-pulp or infusorial earth.

Inbperating au apparatus constructed ac` cordlng to my invention, thevessel a is partly filled with the fluid to be churned or agitated x5and the dasher Y) is pushed down, thereby agitating the fluid in amanner similar to that of the ordinary churn, the fluid being compelledto pass through the perforations of the dasher Z). During thisdownstroke of the zo dasher the disk-valve h closes the lower opening ofthe valve-casing f, and a portion of the fluid Within the vessel isforced through the pipes g g and int-o the cylinder of thevalve-casingf, thereby augmenting the agitation of the fluid. During theupstroke ot' the dasher the iiuid is similarly agitated, butsimultaneously the rising of the dasher creates an air rarefactionunderneath it, which is greater or less according to the degree ot' the3o speed of the stroke. This causes the diskvalve h to leave its lowerseat and rise until it shuts the opening in the top of the cylinder ofthe valve-casing f, and thereupon air enters through the pipe 7a intothe valve-casing f, and goes from there through the pipes g g into thefluid and passes in innumerable bubbles through the latter. As thedather b starts on the downstroke, the disk-valve h closes and theoperation continues as before.

Then the cover e of the vessela is a tighttitting cover and astuffing-box is provided around the dasheirod c, it is necessary toprovide a valve r in the cover, which is constructed to open outwardlyand thereby allow the air sucked into the vessel a to escape.

Otherwise the continued sucking action of each upstroke would be sooncounteraeted by the pressure of the compressed air accumulating insideof the vessel a.

By the use of." my invention and owing to the combined action of. thereciprocating dasher and the air-bubbles passing through the fluid thedesired effect is produced in an unusually short time; also, when it isdesired to impregnate the fluid with a gas to be absorbed by the fluidthis can readily be accomplished, as the fluid and the gas both becomeiinely subdivided and will readily unite.

My invention can be used for various purposes in addition to thosehereinbefore recited where it is desired tov thoroughly mix orimpregnate a fluid with gas, powder, or other substances.

vWhat I claim is, in apparatus for mixing or churning liquids and othersimilar purposes, the following-delined novel features and combinations,substantially as hei-einbefore specified, namely:

In a churn, the cylindrical vessel a, having top e and bottom d, thereciprocating perforated dasl1erb,\vorking longitudinally therein, andthe relief-valve yr at the top of the vessel, in combination with thevalve-easingf at the bottom of the vessel, having a valve-seat, therising and falling val ve h in said valve-casing, theradially-projecting pipes g g, communieating with said valve-casingabove said valve when said valve is seated, said pipes projecting intothe lo'wel` part of said vessel, the air inlet-pipe 7o, extending fromsaid casing fto below the bottom of the vessel, and thesterilizing-ehamber Z, having closed bottom and sides and perforatedtop, which is secured around said inlet-pipe, whereby the air enteringsaid inlet-pipe must first pass through the material in saidsterilizing-chamber, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed by me this 30th day of September, 1889.

MAX BECK, CARL T. BUROHARDT.

